Scully and his men encourage immigrants like Jurgis to become naturalized citizens and to vote in the local elections. Mike Scully is the democratic boss of Packingtown. Upton Sinclair's dramatic and deeply moving story exposed the brutal conditions in the Chicago stockyards at the turn of the nineteenth century and brought into sharp moral focus the appalling odds against which immigrants and other working people struggled for their share. Upton Sinclair Home Literature Notes The Jungle Chapter 9 Summary and Analysis Chapter 9 Summary His union involvement leads Jurgis to learn English and to discover politics. "All day long the blazing midsummer sun beat down upon that square mile of abominations: upon tens of thousands of cattle crowded into pens whose wooden floors stank and steamed contagion upon bare, blistering, cinder-strewn railroad tracks and huge blocks of dingy meat factories, whose labyrinthine passages defied a breath of fresh air to penetrate them and there are not merely rivers of hot blood and carloads of moist flesh, and rendering-vats and soup cauldrons, glue-factories and fertilizer tanks, that smelt like the craters of hell-there are also tons of garbage festering in the sun, and the greasy laundry of the workers hung out to dry and dining rooms littered with food black with flies, and toilet rooms that are open sewers. One of the most powerful, provocative and enduring novels to expose social injustice ever published in the United States."Relentless, remorseless, it was all his protests, his screams, were nothing to it-it did its cruel will with him, as if his wishes, his feelings, had simply no existence at all it cut his throat and watched him gasp out his life." (Chapter 3).
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